Fats and oils: shortening (2024)

Fats and oils: shortening

Fats and oils: shortening (1)

A shortening is defined as a fat, solid at room temperature, which can be used to give foods a crumbly and crisp texture such as pastry. Examples of fat used as “shorteners” include butter, margarine, vegetable oils and lard.

Fats and oils: shortening (2)

How does it happen?

Oils and fats are used in a baked product to reduce the development of gluten giving the foods a crumbly texture. The fats and oils break down the gluten into “shorter strands” hence the term shorteners. Coating the flour in fat prevents the flour from absorbing water hindering the formation of gluten. If too much gluten developed, the food would be stretchy and elastic.

Shortening is used in most doughs and batters, to give the baked product a crisp and crumbly texture. Rubbing the fat in causes the baked product to have a flaky texture, as the dough is separated into layers. When fat is whisked with sugar, a process called creaming, the texture will be more like a cake, and be soft and springy.

The type of fat used will also affect the colour of the product. For example, using margarine will give the baked product a golden colour, whereas lard produces a product with a pale yellow colour.

Recap: fats, solid at room temperature can give food a crumbly texture. They are called shorteners as they break down gluten into shorter strands, hindering the formation of gluten (which would make the dough more stretchy) by preventing the flour from absorbing water.

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OCR Topic exploration pack: Pastry

Fats and oils: shortening (2024)

FAQs

Is Crisco healthy or unhealthy? ›

Due to the recent ban on trans fats, shortening is now trans fat-free. However, shortening is still highly processed, and the interesterification process now used to create spreadable shortening may have its own set of health risks. Additionally, shortening is high in calories and offers no nutritional benefits.

What is healthier, Crisco or lard? ›

Made from vegetable oils — often soybean, cottonseed, or palm oils — vegetable shortening is a vegetarian alternative to lard. Introduced as Crisco to consumers in 1911, it became a popular "healthy" choice, though research now shows there isn't too much difference between the two when it comes to nutrition.

What are the 4 types of shortening? ›

According to The Spruce Eats, there are four common types of vegetable shortenings: solid, liquid, all-purpose, and cake or icing shortening.

What is a healthier substitute for Crisco? ›

Vegetable oils like canola and olive oil may be a healthier alternative to shortening because they're lower in saturated fats.

Which is worse for you butter or Crisco? ›

Since Crisco is made from soybean and palm oil, it's higher in polyunsaturated fat, whereas butter, an animal fat, is mostly saturated fat. Butter is also higher in cholesterol compared to Crisco. But that doesn't make Crisco healthier than butter. The FDA recently banned trans fat, so Crisco is now trans-fat-free.

Is it better to use butter or Crisco in cookies? ›

Which One Should I Use in Cookies? Basically, cookies made with butter spread more and are flatter and crisper if baked long enough. However, they are more flavorful than cookies made with shortening. Cookies made with shortening bake up taller and are more tender, but aren't as flavorful.

Is it better to bake with shortening or butter? ›

Baked goods made with shortening are typically softer and more tender than those made with butter. They also tend to be slightly taller, as it has a higher melting point and doesn't spread as much.

Do professional bakers use shortening? ›

Swap one for the other in recipes. If you want to add additional flavor to the dish, lard is the right choice. Shortening is ideal for its neutral flavor, many professional bakers use it for icing.

What is the healthiest oil to cook with? ›

The healthiest oil to cook with is olive oil. It's versatile, being used in everything from frying to finishing. It's also rich in healthy fats, antioxidants, and polyphenols, all of which have shown protective effects against cancer and liver, heart, and neurodegenerative diseases (27, 28).

Why is lard no longer used? ›

Used as a cooking fat for centuries, lard fell out of favor when hydrogenated vegetable shortening was invented in the early 20th century. We now know that hydrogenated fats, also called trans fats, may increase the risk of heart disease.

Can Crisco go bad? ›

Information. The Food Marketing Institute's FoodKeeper recommends storing unopened solid shortening, such as Crisco shortening, at room temperature for 8 months. After opening, store at room temperature for 3 months for best quality.

What is shortening made of in Japan? ›

Shortening is made by hydrogenating vegetable oil. Lard and shortening have a higher fat content compared to about 80% for butter and margarine.

Is ghee a shortening? ›

Yes, ghee can be used as a substitute for shortening in baking recipes. Ghee is a type of clarified butter. It is made from unsalted milk butter, and in the process of making it, the milk solid content of dairy butter (lactose and casein) gets removed.

What is the best shortening for cooking? ›

Lard, margarine and vegetable shortening such as Crisco are the most well known and most called for in recipes. Because butter is up to 20% water, it isn't the best shortening out there, but in some recipes, it is used as shortening. Shortening's job is to make doughs short.

What is the problem with Crisco? ›

Health Impacts of Crisco

Trans fats have a chemical structure that our bodies have trouble recognizing, and they create free radicals in the body. They are linked to a number of health risks, including: cardiovascular diseases.

What are the benefits of Crisco? ›

Crisco® all-vegetable shortening will make your cakes moist, pie crusts flaky, and cookies soft and fluffy, with 0g of trans fat per serving*. One look, and you'll see why we've got butter beat.

What did Crisco used to be made of? ›

When Crisco launched in 1911, it did things differently. Like other brands, it was made from cottonseed. But it was also a new kind of fat – the world's first solid shortening made entirely from a once-liquid plant oil.

What's the healthiest oil to fry with? ›

Spoiler alert: Olive oil is one of the healthiest oils for frying, but only if you use it correctly. And there are other great options—including soybean oil and peanut oil as well.

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