When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String (2024)

This article explains the difference between NULL and empty strings using MySQL on Alibaba Cloud RDS.

By Pablo Puig

Have you ever been confused about when to use NULL and when to use an empty string in a database table? Well, database developers use NULLs and empty strings interchangeably within their databases. That's not correct because NULL and empty string represent different things in the relational database. Using these values incorrectly or opting for the wrong one can have massively different results.

What Is MySQL RDBMS?

MySQL relational database is widely used by developers due to its advanced features, including various transaction support and built-in functions. The RDBMS standard library functions are a particular set of routines performing a specific task and returning results quickly. MySQL functions handle complex operations, including string formats, mathematical computations, I/O processing, and more.

This article will help you understand when to use NULL and when to use an empty string in MySQL functions on Alibaba Cloud RDS.

How to Launch an RDS Instance

Follow this step-by-step guide to launch an AsparaDB for the RDS instance:

  • Step 1: Log in to your Alibaba Cloud and navigate to AsparaDB for RDS under the Product and Services section:

When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String (1)

  • Step 2: Select the Create Instance option to create the RDS instance:

When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String (2)

Then, you will be redirected to the Product Purchase Console:

When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String (3)

  • Step 3: Select your preferred payment method. In the basic configuration section, select the Region and Zones where you want to launch the RDS instance:

When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String (4)

  • Step 4: Choose the instance configurations and storage types that best suit your requirements:

When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String (5)

You will be redirected to the order confirmation page:

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The service will be activated as soon as the payment is confirmed:

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Note: It will take some time to prepare and launch your instance. Once the state of your instance is running, you can manage it from the console.

NULL or Empty String: Which One to Use

The concept of NULL and empty string often creates confusion since many people think NULL is the same as a MySQL empty string. However, this is not the case.

An empty string is a string instance of zero length. However, a NULL has no value at all.

We can use a test database and apply the knowledge in the production environment to understand the concept better.

Create a test database named info_db on the server using the syntax below:

mysql>Create database info_db CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

Switch to the database:

mysql > use info_db

Then, create a sample users table:

mysql> create table users (id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR (50), phone VARCHAR (50))

Use the example below to understand the concept of NULL and empty string:

mysql>INSERT into users (phone) VALUES (NULL);

and

mysql> INSERT into users (phones) VALUES (');

Both statements insert value in the phone column. However, the first query insets a NULL value, and the second inserts an empty string. The first one could be interpreted as an unknown number, and the second could be interpreted as the user has no phone number.

NULL works well when a UNIQUE field is set. For example, in this case, a phone number is optional. Since the phone number is a unique field, the user with no phone number will get added. However, it will throw an error of unique constraint if you use an empty string here. So, NULL is better.

An empty string is useful when the data comes from multiple resources. NULL is used when some fields are optional, and the data is unknown.

Conclusion

A string refers to a character's sequence. Sometimes strings can be empty or NULL. The difference is that NULL is used to refer to nothing. However, an empty string is used to point to a unique string with zero length.

When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String (2024)

FAQs

When to Use NULL and When to Use Empty String? ›

They are not the same thing and should be used in different ways. null should be used to indicate the absence of data, string. Empty (or "" ) to indicate the presence of data, in fact some empty text.

When to use NULL vs empty string? ›

A string refers to a character's sequence. Sometimes strings can be empty or NULL. The difference is that NULL is used to refer to nothing. However, an empty string is used to point to a unique string with zero length.

Why should I use string empty? ›

Use String. Empty when emphasizing clarity and readability in your code.In scenarios where multiple instances of an empty string might be used, String. Empty can lead to better performance due to its one-time initialization.

What indicates whether the specified string is NULL or an empty string? ›

IsNullOrEmpty(String) method. if (String. IsNullOrEmpty(s)) return "is null or empty"; else return String.

What is string if empty or NULL? ›

An empty string is a String object with an assigned value, but its length is equal to zero. A null string has no value at all. A blank String contains only whitespaces, are is neither empty nor null , since it does have an assigned value, and isn't of 0 length.

When to use null? ›

A: Although they may seem similar and are sometimes used interchangeably, it's generally better to use them for their intended purposes. Use null when you want to represent the intentional absence of a value, and undefined when a variable has not been assigned a value.

How do you use is null or empty? ›

IsNullOrEmpty(s) Then Return "is null or empty" Else Return String. Format("(""{0}"") is neither null nor empty", s) End If End Function End Class ' The example displays the following output: ' String s1 ("abcd") is neither null nor empty. ' String s2 is null or empty.

How do you indicate an empty string? ›

In formal treatments, the empty string is denoted with ε or sometimes Λ or λ.

What is the difference between isEmpty and null? ›

The isNull operator checks a string and returns a boolean value: true if the string is null, or false if the string is not null. The isEmpty operator checks if a string contains no characters and is only whitespace. The isBlank operator checks if a string contains no characters, is only whitespace, and is null.

What is the difference between blank and empty strings? ›

We consider a string to be empty if it's either null or a string without any length. If a string only consists of whitespace, then we call it blank. For Java, whitespaces are characters, like spaces, tabs, and so on.

Why is null value used in strings? ›

Why is a null value used in a string? - Quora. There are two ways to store a string (beside its own characters): store how long it is, or mark its own end somehow. In libraries that do the second choices (like t C standard library) the null character is used just for that purpose: mark the end of a string.

What does a null string look like? ›

A null string is the empty string, "". The null character is a character with all bits set to 0. It can be represented in double quotes as \0, so the result of your dd command was "\0".

Why do strings end with null? ›

C designer Dennis Ritchie chose to follow the convention of null-termination to avoid the limitation on the length of a string and because maintaining the count seemed, in his experience, less convenient than using a terminator. This had some influence on CPU instruction set design.

Why do we use NULL in string? ›

“A null String in Java is literally equal to a reserved word “null”. It means the String that does not point to any physical address.” In Java programming language, a “null” String is used to refer to nothing. It also indicates that the String variable is not actually tied to any memory location.

Should we return NULL or empty string in Java? ›

null should be returned - and there is no point returning empty String[] object (which I had done in my design) citing reasons that an additional object is unneccssarily created.

Should I use NULL or empty string C#? ›

Should I use a null or empty string? - Quora. In C#, by default, empty. UNLESS, empty string has a meaning entirely different from null string and both are permissible values. Whenever your logic allows for a validly null field, property or method return value, annotate that value with the CanBeNull attribute.

What is the difference between NULL and empty string in Excel? ›

The value of Null may be missing, empty or could be anything. But blank only mean empty string.

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